QUANTUM RARITIES (Chapter 5. Part 4)

From de book: Quantum Mysticism. THE SPIRITUALITY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS. Second Edition 2021.

Author:        Luis Eduardo Sierra S.

President of Universal Alliance – Director ARIEL Magazine - Senior Instructor at the Spiritual University in Colombia.

Chapter 5 – Part 4

QUANTUM RARITIES

The Double Slit Experiment – Wave-particle differences – The Wave-Particle Dual Behavior – Einstein Was Confused, Not Quantum Theory – Nobody Understands Quantum Mechanics – Nature Is Absurd – Is It Possible That Nature Is So Absurd? – Quantum Superposition and Schrödinger's Cat – Interpretation of Copenhagen Quantum Theory – The Quantum Leap or Entanglement – Bohr and His Revolutionary Atomic Model – Bilocation – Quantum Computing – EPR Experiment and Spooky Action at a Distance – Aspect and Entanglement – Grinberg and Nonlocality in Brains – Wheeler's Ray – Bell's Test – BIG Bell Test – Connection Between Emotions and DNA – Cleve Backster and His Experiments – Poponin and Biology Quantum Entangling – Invisible Clinics – Glein and the Affectation of Biological Systems – Experiences in Universities Testing Quantum Entanglement – The Chinese and Teleportation or Quantum Transportation – China, a Pioneer in Quantum Technology in Space – Connections in the Non-Local Domains of Consciousness – The Cosmos as a Network – Fields of Physical and Mental Interaction – Global Quantum Internet, Quantum Cryptography – The Uncertainty Principle – Pollak and the tunnel effect – Nature doesn't care if we understand it or not – Microcosm and macrocosm are radically different in their behavior – Chaos theory and the butterfly effect.

The Quantum Entanglement

To understand its importance, it is convenient to bear in mind that quantum entanglement is the basis of technologies such as quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum teleportation.

Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937), Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908, proposed in 1911 the model of negatively charged electrons revolving around a positively charged nucleus that exerts attraction on the electrons around it. To make it graphic, it resembles the planets rotating around the sun, but in this case the sun is held together with the planets by the gravitational force it exerts on them, while the nucleus of the atom attracts electrons by the electric force, by its polarity.

In 1913 Niels Bohr presented his atomic model that caused a revolution in the world of physics and that by 1923 gave support to a quantum theory better founded on Rutherford's model. When the electron in its orbit released energy by releasing photons, it approached the nucleus; on the contrary, if the electron absorbed energy it moved away towards the outer orbits, but be very careful, it did not do so by traveling the path between the orbits but by jumping from one orbit to the other, disappearing in one and appearing in another, as if it already existed before in the other orbit through a non-locality field, a discontinuous jump.

It is as if we were located in an apartment on the first floor, and we suddenly found ourselves in another apartment on the third floor, without first going through the second floor and without taking the elevator or climbing the stairs. With this quantum rarity, Newtonian physics suffers a harder blow, making room for new ways of conceiving physics. The term "quantum leap" has become so popular that it has been incorporated into common language to highlight very significant changes in the levels of an activity or a certain understanding.

In classical physics, two objects are entangled when they transfer energy between them; when one of them loses energy, the other has gained it so that the system continues to maintain the initial equilibrium. But in the quantum world the matter is shrouded in mystery. Experimentally it has been shown that when two quantum objects are properly linked or entangled, they influence each other in a non-local way, that is, without the mediation of signals through space and without using a specific time, it operates instantaneously. This indicates that quantum objects are interconnected in domains that transcend space and time, and therefore are not local.

In other words, two entangled particles each of them instantaneously records what happens to the other, even though they are separated from each other by colossal distances; both particles share the same experience. But at least two particles are necessary for information to be "transported." Two connected particles are subject to interaction; when the first is observed and measured, it chooses its own state, and the second particle does so, not freely, but according to the choice made by the first particle.

Bilocation is the act that describes a person being physically in two places at the same time. It is also called ubiquity. There are accounts of this phenomenon that date back to ancient Greece. Reality or superstition? For now, and if true, it remains a mystery, but in the quantum field it is a proven reality.

Quantum computing is still in its embryonic state, although it is already used for scientific and commercial research in specific projects. It is based on the principles of quantum mechanics and allows information to be processed in a more powerful and secure way than classical computing. It basically consists of taking advantage of quantum entanglement, to send information instantaneously and in real time, without the need for the information to travel any physical path. This is the most significant power of quantum computing, in addition to security: since information does not travel paths, no one can hack it. A group from the California Institute of Technology (Leichenauer 2019) is working on this original and complex system to improve quantum computing.

In 1935, Albert Einstein and his colleagues Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen carried out a thought experiment that they called the EPR Experiment, or EPR Paradox, after the initials of the authors. With it they intended to attack quantum theory. If two electrons initially vibrate in unison, a state called coherence, they can remain in wave synchronization even if they are separated by an enormous distance, whatever it may be, even light years; there is still an invisible Schrödinger wave that connects them, mysteriously.

Anything that happens to one of the electrons is reflected in the second immediately, which is called "quantum entanglement", particles that vibrate in coherence through a deep connection that links them. Einstein mockingly called it a "ghostly action at a distance". The term quantum entanglement was introduced by Erwin Schrödinger, although today it is referred to as EPR. According to him, instantaneous distance action is predicted, but does not allow deterministic predictions about it, which is why quantum mechanics is considered an incomplete theory.

Alain Aspect and his collaborators would demonstrate in 1980 that such "ghosts" do exist. Using better devices for physical measurements, they appreciated the imminent simultaneous relationship between two spatially distant particles. In his laboratory in Paris, he generated a pair of twin photons, stimulating a carbon atom with a laser, verifying that each time one of the photons deviated its trajectory, because of an interposed filter, the other photon made the same deflection simultaneously, regardless of distance or time. This phenomenon is today called "entanglement", and it was also demonstrated in biological structures. We therefore have very similar conclusions in renowned scientists from different disciplines.

Experimental physicist Robert Andrews, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923, conducted an experiment in which he demonstrated non-local interconnectedness by observing a woman from a remote distance, without her knowledge, through a closed-circuit television. Her behavior was affected each time she was observed. Recall the double-slit experiment in relation to the observer.

In a different experiment from the one carried out with photons by Aspect, at the University of Mexico in 1994, Jacobo Grinberg-Zylberbaum and his collaborators ratified the condition of non-locality by referring not to entangled electrons but to human brains. It was carried out with data obtained from brain recordings using electroencephalographs. Two subjects were instructed to meditate together for a period of twenty minutes, in order to establish a "direct communication" between them; then, they were placed in two different Faraday chambers (Faraday chambers are metal enclosures that block all kinds of electromagnetic signals), while maintaining their direct communication throughout the experiment.

One of the subjects was subjected to a series of flashes of light, which produced an evoked potential, a peculiar electrophysiological response of the brain to a sensory stimulus, which was measured with an electroencephalograph. Surprisingly, in about one in four cases, the brain of the person who had not been stimulated by the flashes of light showed electrical activity, a "transferred" potential, quite similar in form and intensity to the evoked potential. The subjects in the control group, in whom the link was not established, did not meditate together, failed to establish and maintain direct communication, did not show any transferred potential. The two brains acted as a linked quantum system non-locally.

The same results were obtained in London by the neuropsychiatrist Peter Fenwic in 1999, this time with auditory stimuli. The brain waves of the subjects could communicate without a local signal transfer.

According to Einstein's theory of relativity, the speed of light (300,000 km/sec) is the fastest that exists. Nothing is as fast as light. In research with photons, it has been possible to verify a behavior that denies the previous statement, and Einstein is again reevaluated. Photons interfere with each other like waves (double fission test) and also communicate with each other (Wheeler's ray splitting experiment). That is, particles (matter) behave unexpectedly and inexplicably like waves (for example, radio waves) and also "know" of the existence of other photons.

Quantum entanglement, although it is the basis of technologies such as quantum, quantum cryptography, and quantum teleportation, has not yet been well explained scientifically. One of the attempts to unravel the mystery of quantum entanglement was carried out by physicist John Bell in 1964, through an experiment that aimed to determine whether elementary particles influence each other. It is called the "Bell Test" and uses a pair of entangled particles. One of them is sent to one place (A) and the other to another place (B). At both points, a device measures the state of both particles. The parameters of the measuring instruments are set at random, so that at the time of measurement the particle located in A cannot know the parameters of the other particle located in B (or vice versa).

That is, in each place, a device measures a specific property of the particles: their spin, by means of a random number generator that selects positive or negative spin. In this way, it is possible to determine the property of each particle without the other having prior knowledge of what happens to the first. What this test has proven is that, without interacting with each other, the particles have the same spin in each place, and that therefore they influence each other despite the distance that separates them, just because they were entangled before the experiment. It can be deduced from Bell's theorem that signals can make a finite path in space without spending time on it, that it is not an esoteric delusion but the result of scientifically carried out tests, in line with modern physics.

The Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO, 2016) carried out an experiment with twelve thousand unpredictable decisions independent of scientists in order to make measurements on their particles. In this way, scientists have been able to check whether or not their particles are entangled by the "spooky action at a distance" that Einstein refused to accept. The results again gave full support to the predictions of quantum physics. The scientists also discovered that they could not determine exactly where the electrons would appear, or when they would jump. The best they could do was to formulate the probabilities of the new situation of the electron (Schrödinger's Wave Equation).

In a study described in 1993 in the journal Advances, (Braden, 2007), Julie Motz, "Everyone and Energy Healer: The Treat V Conference" (Santa Fe, NM, Advances: The Journal of Mind-Body Health, 1993), the U.S. Army conducted experiments to determine the connection between emotions and DNA after separating a person's DNA from their mouth. When the sample was isolated, it was taken to another room 100 meters away, within the same building, electrically measuring the DNA to see if it responded to the person's emotions which the sample was taken.

The same person had emotional states generated through a series of video images showing wars, comedy, erotic images. When the donor suffered emotional "spikes" and "falls," his cells and DNA responded electrically in a powerful way, simultaneously... According to Braden, the one who carried out this experiment was Dr. Cleve Backster, the same one who studied the way in which a person's intention affects plants. The army suspended its experiments on the donor and his DNA.

If there is a quantum field that links all things, then all things must be and stay connected. As Dr. Jeffrey Thompson, a colleague of Cleve Backster, puts it so eloquently: "There is really no place where the body ends and there is no place where it begins. Maybe the donor's emotions don't have to travel at all." It may be that the energy does not have to travel from the donor to a distant place in order for it to have an effect. It may be that the person's emotions are already in the DNA, and for that matter, everywhere, from the very moment they were created.

After these initial studies, Dr. Backster described how he and his team continued their research at even greater distances; 560 kilometers separated the donor from his cells. The time between the donor's experience and the cell's response was calibrated with an atomic clock located in Colorado. In each experiment, the time interval measured between the emotion and the cell's response was zero: the effect was simultaneous. The results were the same, whether the cells were in the same room or hundreds of miles apart. When the donor had an emotional experience, the DNA reacted as if it was still connected to the donor's body in some way.

Dr. Vladimir Poponin is a quantum physicist recognized worldwide as an expert in quantum biology, including the nonlinear dynamics of DNA and the interactions of weak electromagnetic fields with biological systems. In 1995, in partnership with Peter Gairaiev, they conducted an experiment at the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, observing a phenomenon presented for the first time, when experiments measuring DNA vibration modes were performed using sophisticated MALVERN equipment, which uses photons in a correlation spectrometry (LPC) laser.

They reliably detected, using normal optical techniques, an effect they called "DNA ghosting" (Poponin, 1995), a clear example of a more general category of phantom electromagnetic effects, a fundamental phenomenon that can be used to explain other observed ghosting effects, including effects on plant leaves and human limbs (arms, legs).

It seems plausible, according to Poponin, that the phantom effect of DNA is a manifestation of a subtle energy in which no human influence is involved. These experimental data provide us not only with quantitative data on the coupling constant between the field of phantom DNA and the electromagnetic field of laser light, but also provide qualitative and quantitative information about the nonlinear dynamics of DNA phantom fields. Note that both types of data are crucial for the development of a new unified theory of nonlinear fields that must include the Physical Theory of Consciousness and that must be based on a precise quantitative background.

It follows from all this that human DNA is affected and affects the physical world in turn through a field that connects them, a new field structure similar to the matrix of Max Planck and ancient wisdom. This connectivity or interconnection or quantum entanglement gives rise to statements related to the field of consciousness, according to which, when a prayer or request or a mental aid is pronounced, for example, it is asserted that from the very moment it is emitted it has already reached its addressee, far exceeding the unsurpassed speed of Einstein's light.

Does this, then, explain a direct relationship with the effects of prayers in the physical world? And if such prayer is channeled by a group of people, are its results intensified? Do the so-called "prayer groups" and the Mandalas created expressly for these purposes, as invisible clinics, make sense? Is this synergy one of the causes of the so-called "miracles" among believers thanks to a coherent disposition or attitude between givers and receivers, between healers and the sick with sincere and intense "faith" that they will be healed?

Cell biologist Glen Rein conceived the idea that DNA would be a good target to test the ability of healers to affect biological systems, because DNA offers potentially more stable and reliable quantitative measures than those of bacterial cells or cultures. He tested this model with several healers by asking them to hold test tubes in their hands while they created a healing environment, getting some positive indicators that the conformation state of DNA changed when exposed to these environments.

At the Technical University of Delft (Netherlands), with the collaboration of the Institute of Photonic Sciences of Barcelona, (Scientific American, 2015), two electrons, separated 1.3 km on the university campus, were able to communicate "invisibly" and instantaneously. The results were published in the journal Nature. This experiment motivated the development of technologies that we can now definitely apply to improve security in communications and high-performance computing, and in other areas that require high-quality random numbers at a very high speed.

Researchers at the University of Geneva have verified the quantum entanglement of 16 million atoms inside a one-centimeter crystal. The crystal fulfills its function and sends back the information it has received without reading, in the form of a single photon. The signals travel long distances thanks to quantum repeaters, which are crystals whose atoms are linked by quantum entanglement. As mentioned above, this occurs when particles such as photons or electrons physically interact and then separate, but remain intimately connected, even if they are light years apart, in such a way that any deliberate modification in one particle is instantly reflected in the other.

Chinese scientists (Cao, 2017) have managed for the first time to send information from one side of space to the other without the need for a vehicle or cables to transport the information, or for someone to carry it and for another to receive it at the other end. This is a new quantum feat, which occurred in the world of the tiny, a process known as teleportation or quantum teleportation.

The new system is called counterfactual quantum communication and, although some physicists had long imagined it, until now it had not been proven. This system is not based on quantum entanglement, but on the so-called Zeno Effect, which allows a quantum state to be transferred from one place to another, without any particle or support being necessary. The transfer of an image has been achieved based on the fact that all particles of light can be described as waves, rather than as particles. While a particle occupies a place in space and has mass, a wave extends in space transporting energy without the need for matter, something that is certainly incomprehensible if we take into account the convertibility of mass into energy and vice versa according to Einstein's famous formula of energy equal to mass times the speed of light squared (E=MC²). Elementary particles have this duality, and can behave indistinctly as waves or particles.

The quantum physicist Anton Zellinger, the first to successfully manage a quantum teleportation experiment, confirms that reality, at its most basic level, is not matter or substance, but pure information. Max Planck had already stated that the mind is the basis of all matter.

What the Chinese scientists have done is to incorporate the information on the composition of the Chinese knot (it is transferred to a bitmap image) into light messages, which, when transferred as waves, have not needed particles to carry it to another place. The researchers explain that the idea came to them thinking about holography, a topic that we will see later. After all the bits of the Chinese knot image were transported by this system, the scientists were able to reconstruct the image that was distributed in the different phases of light used for the experiment.

Teleportation, supported by the experiments carried out, then shows us that when an atom of a pair of correlated atoms is later correlated with a third atom, the quantum state of the third is instantaneously transferred ("transmitted") to the other atom of the initial pair, no matter how far away it may be. The significant fact that emerges from this sea of quantum mysteries, for Ervin László, is that particles are not individual entities, they are sociable entities, and under certain non-local conditions: they are so entangled with each other that they are not here or there, but in all relevant places at the same time. Non-location respects neither time nor space: it exists whether the particles are near or far, and whether the time separating them is measured in seconds or in millions of years.

Scientists from the University of Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have managed to transmit entangled photons from one satellite to three stations on Earth. The particles retain a quantum relationship despite being more than 1,200 km away. The experts used the Micius or Mozi satellite, equipped with specialized quantum technologies and tools. In this way, they managed to connect three ground stations located in different parts of China, which already has several quantum networks to link cities and institutions, being considered by the journal Nature as the pioneer country of quantum technology in space. This will have an impact on important applications for quantum teleportation and communication networks, making it possible to obtain hyper-secure quantum communications in the future, thanks to lasers and satellite-based technologies.

How are the two photons interconnected, if not through signals that cross space and require time to travel through it? The two photons are connected through the non-local domains of consciousness, which transcend space and time, from which it is inferred that consciousness, acting non-locally, simultaneously collapses the states of two linked quantum objects. Everything related to prayers, miracles, and telepathy itself can also be associated with this. According to the ancient sages, every thought emitted, positive or negative, has its repercussions on it and on the recipients, depending on the resonance found in the receiver.

It was generally accepted that two physically separate things did not affect each other or have any connection. The current perception, in accordance with the experiments already mentioned, is that the cosmos has never ceased to be connected, from the very moment of the Bing Bang. This connective field could be conceived as a network in which the whole cosmos is woven, which has been and will always be present, not local since it is everywhere and at all times, a field in which the records of life are found, at least as it is known on Earth, and in which death kills death. Einstein stated that "The distinction between the past, the present, and the future is only a stubbornly persistent illusion."

At the quantum level all events are controlled by probabilities. During years of experimental research at Princeton University's Pear Laboratory and other universities, it became clearer that these probabilities can be influenced even over long distances through consciousness. Other scientists such as Erwin Schrödinger, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Rupert Sheldrake, Hans Peter Dürr or Roger Nelson define the area we call information fields as a field of physical and mental interaction and gave the observed phenomena different names. But on one point they all agreed: consciousness can interact directly on processes and matter. We will return to this.

"An international team of scientists has created a 'rare metal', so called because its electrical resistance behaves very strangely and offers a special superconductivity, which contains within it a spectacular reservoir of billions of electrons in a state of quantum entanglement. The fact that a new foreign material spontaneously offers electrons in quantum entanglement will drive the development of quantum communications, quantum computing, quantum simulators, quantum sensing, quantum optics, photonics and superconductivity, among others" (Science, 2020).

"Quantum entanglement heralds the possible creation of a global 'quantum internet', so it is not surprising that companies such as HP, IBM, NEC and Toshiba are very interested in quantum cryptography using QKD... In classical computing, information is stored in bits (0.1), in quantum computing the basis is qubits... There is still much to be done, but for obvious reasons companies and governments (currently led by China) are striving to advance in the field of quantum computing: Google and NASA, for example, are using a quantum computer manufactured by the Canadian company D-Wave Systems, Inc., the first to commercialize this type of machine, which can perform some types of operations at a speed 3,600 times faster than the fastest digital supercomputer in the world... Another possibility associated with quantum entanglement is teleportation, which, according to the definition of Ignacio Cirac (2011), consists of the transfer of an intact quantum state from one place to another, carried out by a sender who knows neither the state to be teleported nor the location of the receiver to which it should arrive. Teleportation experiments have already been carried out with photons, ions and atoms, but there is still a long way to go" (Sánchez, 2019).